In our previous post, we discussed plans for bringing a new pet home and setting up an environment for success for both animals. Now that you have management in place, and both pets have had a chance to settle in, how do we go about introducing Fido and Whiskers?
Do not be tempted to try the “let’s see what happens” approach. Not only could this lay a bad foundation for their relationship, but it could be potentially dangerous as well. Instead, gradual and steady is going to be the secret to a good cat-dog relationship.
Before you begin to introduce the two, it is helpful if both animals know a few basic foundation skills to begin with.
The first thing we need is an animal who will happily offer you attention. You will start in a low distraction area, and have about 10 small, tasty treats in your hand:
Video Examples
Cat: https://youtu.be/ibxY7p6prtw
Dog: https://youtu.be/Oe5QsAZf-3A
A hand target (pet touching their nose to your hand) is a very easy behavior to train, and can be a simple way to get your pet to come to you, move, change position, etc. in case your dog starts to get overly interested in their new feline friend, or vice versa. Simply present your hand a couple inches from their nose. When they move forward and sniff, bumping your hand in the process, say “yes” and deliver a treat. Repeat.
Video Examples
Cat: https://youtu.be/CNOv3f3gHKk
Dog: https://youtu.be/TWjfsAO1NWE
Teaching your pet to place themselves on a mat or platform will be a helpful skill when you begin sessions with both of them present. A dog that is resting on a mat can’t be chasing the cat, and a cat that is perching on a station can’t be taunting or swatting at a dog. Teach this skill first without the other pet present:
Video Examples
Cat: https://youtu.be/4R1-K430Dxo
Dog: https://youtu.be/53_R7276b_k
Place your pet’s respective stations in an area where they are as far away from each other as possible but still in view. To prevent any unwanted contact from happening too soon, have the dog on leash, and a see-through barrier such as a baby gate between the areas where each will be working.
Have your dog relax on their station with one handler. Give treats every few seconds for maintaining that relaxed position. Have a second handler bring the cat out to their station, and also reward every couple seconds. Continue to reinforce any of the following behaviors on either animal’s part:
If things are going well, then in future sessions you can start to raise challenges. Remember, patience and consistency is the key to success here! Options for increasing challenge in the training sessions are:
Video Examples
Video Example (separated): https://youtu.be/hKDJfcyHaOM
Video Example (integrated): https://youtu.be/CDhSuWK41XM
You will know things are going well if both animals continue to show relaxed body language, casual interest in each other, but an ability to disengage and focus on other things (especially you). When you are consistently seeing this, then you might be ready to remove the gate, and let them share space. Continue to have Fido drag a lightweight leash for a bit longer, and continue to reward any calm behavior.
If your dog gets too excited by the presence of the cat to stay on the mat or focus on you, then make it easier by increasing distance and shortening the duration of time that the cat is visible. You can have your cat move out onto the station briefly then back out of view (hand targets or tossed treats can help with this), and/or cover most of the baby gate between the two with a blanket, leaving only a small gap initially that the cat is visible through. Only progress further when your dog is able to be successful, and go forward in baby steps.
If your cat is too afraid of your dog’s presence to even come out to their station, then let them stay where they feel safe. You might need to begin by desensitizing your cat to more mild signs of the dog’s presence before working on being in view. Sit with your cat in their safe space, and reward when they hear the dog moving around in the other room, on the other side of the door, etc. As above, when you introduce visual exposure, use short duration of exposure, and/or partially obstructed views. Never force your cat to come out into an area where the dog is – let it be their choice and reward generously when they do.
If you don’t have someone to handle one of the pets, then it usually will be easiest for you to work with your dog, and to place a longer-duration treat on your cat’s station for them to enjoy. You can provide some tasty canned food in a bowl, or for an even longer-duration treat, use a “licki-mat” and some semi-soft food or treats that will take a while for your cat to lick up.
While the majority of cats and dogs can learn to live peacefully and happily together given the right preparation and training, there are some pairings that sadly may not be meant to be. These are the two most important aspects to consider in determining whether cat/dog households can work:
Many dogs find cats pretty interesting at first, but if your dog becomes so fixated that they cannot be redirected, they persistently and intensely look for and try to get to the cat, and struggle to calm down even when the cat is no longer present, then proceed with caution. A dog with very high predatory drive can be very dangerous to a cat, and this level of hunting instinct can be difficult or even impossible to train fully away. Use very careful management to keep them separate (see previous post), and consult with a certified professional dog trainer or behavior consultant who uses positive reinforcement to discuss next steps.
Some cats, especially those that tend towards being more timid normally, may find the addition of a dog to be extremely stressful. Again, training can help to change those fear responses, but in some cases in can be a long road and you might not get to the point where your cat’s life and routine isn’t being significantly affected. If your cat is hiding all or most of the time, no longer engaging socially, not eating, not using the litterbox, and/or having other behavior changes, you might need to consider whether this new addition is fair to your cat’s quality of life.
Sadly, sometimes dogs and cats may not be able to be integrated to a degree that safety and quality of life can be maintained. Consultation with a professional will help you determine when and whether it would be in their best interest to re-home one of them. While these decisions can be heart-breaking, in some cases, they are the kindest choices to make.
Finally, a few pointers to keep in mind in any training project:
Steer away from punishment-based approaches where you are doing something unpleasant to stop a behavior that you don’t like. These approaches not only risk someone getting scared or hurt, but can create longer-term relationship problems between the pets, as their presence becomes associated with the unpleasant punishment. Rather than waiting for your dog to chase the cat and scolding them, set the stage so that never happens in the first place because Fido has instead learned to be relaxed and to do other things in the presence of felines.
Be proactive rather than reactive, and remember that taking it slow will get you to your goal faster in the long run. The reward for your hard work and patience will be many years of multi-species bliss ahead!
Video Examples
Cat: https://youtu.be/ibxY7p6prtw
Dog: https://youtu.be/Oe5QsAZf-3A
Jen Kuyt is the founder of Country Cat Lady, a cat rescue organization. Jen, a mother of a special needs child, is actively involved in Allegan County’s Adult Special Education
Cannonsville Critters was started by Michelle and her husband Tom in 2013. They’re a no-kill 501(c)(3) non-profit organization dedicated to finding forever homes for cats. They strive to reduce overpopulation
Dogs and Cats: Training for a Peaceful Household In our previous post, we discussed plans for bringing a new pet home and setting up an environment for success for both
Gift cards always always come in handy, especially for those last minute presents! Introduce your friend’s cat(s) to a catastrophic environment! Gift cards can be used to purchase any of our cat furniture.
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